Ferdinand set out to enforce his claim on Hungary and captured Buda in 1527, only to relinquish his hold on it in 1529 when an Ottoman counter-attack stripped Ferdinand of all his territorial gains. Thus Hungary became divided into three zones: Royal Hungary, Ottoman Hungary and the Principality of Transylvania, an arrangement which persisted until 1700.įollowing the Diet of Pozsony (modern Bratislava) on 26 October, Ferdinand was declared king of Royal Hungary due to the agreement between his and Louis’s families, cemented by Ferdinand’s marriage to Louis’s sister Anna and Louis’s marriage to Ferdinand’s sister Mary. Ferdinand won recognition only in western Hungary while a noble called John Zápolya, from a power-base in Transylvania, challenged him for the crown and was recognised as king by Suleiman in return for accepting vassal status within the Ottoman Empire. His brother-in-law, Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria, brother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, claimed the vacant Hungarian throne. In August 1526, Sultan Suleiman I decisively defeated the forces of King Louis II of Hungary at the Battle of Mohács, paving the way for the Ottomans to gain control of south-eastern Hungary the childless King Louis was killed, possibly by drowning when he attempted to escape the battlefield. Part of the Ottoman Wars in Europe and the Ottoman-Habsburg Wars. The decision to attack Vienna, so far in Suleiman’s European campaign, is often viewed as an opportunistic manoeuvre, following his decisive victory in Hungary other scholars theorise that the suppression of Hungary was merely a prologue to a later invasion of Europe. Speculations suggest that Suleiman’s actual main 1529 objective was assertion of Ottoman control over the whole of Hungary, whose western part (known as Royal Hungary) was then still under Habsburg control.
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